Moreover, there is an increased ability to view sex work as work within its larger class framework. But more recently, it seems that they have reentered the mainstream right alongside traditional performers (think Stormy Daniels): ‘There is a growing sense that there is no bright line between feminist material and mainstream material’, claims Constance Penley, a film scholar at the University of California. Initially, this kind of porn was interpreted through a political lens – and feminist and queer companies were shoehorned into mere subsections of the industry. The capacity for diversity that comes with the decentralisation of the porn industry means that in theory, there is no longer a need to fulfil a heteronormative stereotype to succeed. ![]() They want to fantasise about someone that they want to have sex with and not feel disgusted by it” “And I think a lot of people were turned off by that. Indeed, some achieve enormous success without being explicit at all, like Matthew Camp who left weeks in between posts, and didn’t upload a full penetrative sex clip for the first nine months, all the while earning more than $10,000 a month: “Tumblr was filled with the most extreme sexual experiences you could see,” he said. In theory, OnlyFans is the ideal platform: anyone with a smartphone can tailor their own content at their own pace. The enormous popularity of this site in which the largely female, content creators are in complete control over their relationship to their largely male, audience is refreshing on one level, and comforting on another I feel instinctively reassured by the fact that the porn industry is thriving without sacrificing female victims – and more importantly – that the crux of male desire isn’t best demonstrated by videos like ‘drunk teen abused’. I’m like their online girlfriend”, explained Danni Harwood (the ‘Queen of OnlyFans’) to the New Yorker. They want the opportunity to get to know somebody they’ve seen in a magazine or on social media. The founder seemed to know something about the psyche of the average porn consumer that the mainstream porn industry had neglected for decades – the desire for at least some trace of authenticity: “You can get porn for free…guys don’t want to pay for that. It is in this fascinating context of the ‘post-porn’ era that OnlyFans emerged, harnessed the high levels of engagement already enjoyed by creators on Instagram and Twitter, and found a way to directly profit from it. Many of the anti-Pornhub campaigners are specifically that- anti-Pornhub, not anti-porn So-called revenge pornography has been a criminal offence in England and Wales since 2015, punishable by up to two years’ imprisonment, and yet only a handful of reports actually end up in a conviction. Nor do legal changes solve the problem entirely. But was this an empty victory? Many of the videos had already been downloaded onto personal computers and have since cropped up on similar ‘underground’ sites. Pornhub’s eventual exodus of unverified uploads resulted in roughly two-thirds of the videos on its site (over 10 million of them) being removed. ![]() It jeers at the ‘feminist sex-hating extremists’ that lobby to shut it down, ignoring the fact that many of the anti-Pornhub campaigners are specifically that- anti-Pornhub, not anti-porn, and that they celebrate ethical porn companies that satisfy kink safely. ![]() Pornhub sneakily incites freedom of expression and non kink shaming rhetoric to suggest that the popular ‘young teen’ and ‘drunk stolen snapchat’ categories are legitimate fantasies enacted by consenting adults. The abuse ranges from secret, thus non consensual recordings of consensual sex, iCloud hacks and revenge porn. The abusers benefit from the unregulated format of online pornography – not a single independent or government-linked body monitors the content produced by commercialised private porn companies. The petition sought to put an end to the site on the basis that it enabled and profited from the sex trafficking and rape of women and children. In 2020 1 million people signed a petition to get rid of Pornhub (the worlds most popular porn site by far – with 42bn visits to Pornhub and 6m videos uploaded in one year – that’s 115milion visits per day – the equivalent of the populations of Canada, Australia, Poland and the Netherlands). But how far do the 70,000 content creators on the site escape from the other issues associated with mainstream porn? The online site that allows content creators to monetise their influence in the form of paid subscriptions from its 8 million registered users has an entirely different economic model to, say, Pornhub, which streams content for free. One of the first things my interviewee Molly insists upon is that ‘OnlyFans is for absolutely everyone’.
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